Online assessment offers universities many advantages, from greater flexibility and inclusivity to resource-savings in challenging financial times. Some institutions have been assessing online for many years, others have moved towards it as a result of the Coronavirus pandemic. However, almost all providers are now experiencing a significant rise in academic conduct referrals. In part that is a consequence of improving detection methods but it also reflects growing numbers of actual cases, whether in the form of plagiarism, collusion or the use of essay mills.